In my tribute to Rob, I mentioned how losing that fight for national land rights lit the fires for what was to become the fight for native title led by Eddie, with Rob being part of the leadership that negotiated the Native Title Act through the national parliament to give legislative effect to the High Court decision championed by Eddie. Words like han. [9] UN Development Programme, Human Development Index, UN Human Development Report. Mabo 20 years on: did it change the nation? Legacy of Eddie Mabo. Twenty three years after the Mabo decision we are going through another adaption as we talk about how we can start to enjoy the benefits that come from land ownership in the same way that is open to all other Australians, without compromising our unique rights as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Mabo ended up on the mainland working a number of jobs, including labouring on the railways. Eddie Mabo at James Cook University, early 1980s Series 8. Fungibility and native title. The fall of the golden house of is but not the end. . 2004 Presentation by Fr Frank Brennan SJ AO. In a snapshot. This is our land. The debate about Mabo's legacy still goes on today, Many indigenous Australians still live in poverty, Bakhmut attacks still being repelled, says Ukraine, AOC under investigation for Met Gala dress, Mother who killed her five children euthanised, Canadian grandma helps police snag phone scammer, The children left behind in Cuba's exodus, Zoom boss Greg Tomb fired without cause. Volume 1 (227pp), Volume 2 (58pp). Ten years later, he conceded his fears were unfounded. I had read about the case as it moved through the lower courts. He had refused to surrender his interests, or those of his people, to the domination of others. By continuing to use this site, you are giving us consent to do this. In 1973 Mabo founded the Black Community School in Townsville, which was created to educate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and preserve traditional knowledge and practices. When our world is ablaze with conflict. The former president of Western Australia's Liberal Party, Bill Hassel, said the ruling was greeted with "outrage". At: http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/table-1-human-development-index-and-its-components#a (viewed 9 June 2015). In 1979 Wiradjuri man and law student Paul Coewalked the path that Eddie Mabo would follow all the way to the High Court of Australia. The memory of wounds. Yindyamarra winanghanha. Eddie Koiki Mabo died of cancer on 21 January 1991, before the case was resolved. The commitment to a land fund; and importantly, participation in decision-making underpinned by the concept of free, prior and informed consent and good faith. This is yet another reason why a development approach is so urgently needed. Eddie Koiki Mabo Lecture Series. And he was right. He married Bonita, his teenage sweetheart and with whom he had 10 children in a loving partnership that lasted 30 years. He petitioned, campaigned, cajoled and questioned Terra Nullius for 18 years. Mabo - as in Eddie Mabo, who famously fought a winning fight against the legal doctrine of terra nullius to enshrine Aboriginal land rights in law - is referenced on two occasions. "For two centuries, the British and then white Australians operated under a fallacy, that somehow Aboriginal people did not exist or have land rights before the first settlers arrived in 1788.". [10] UN Development Programme, Human Development Index, UN Human Development Report, p237. Transcript notes - MABO, Eddie, RICE, James v State of Queensland and Commonwealth of Australia, ITM1641344 Mabo Day & Native Title: Who was Eddie Mabo & what is his legacy? Rachel Perkins, director of the new film, says Mabo's is "an iconic story in the tradition of great Australian tales, how a man, his wife and his mates profoundly changed the nation". A culture and a people facing devastation. He also co-operated with members of the Communist Party, the only white political party to support Aboriginal campaigns at the time. Their hard fought battle against the Queensland government finally consigned the lie of terra nullius to the historical dustbin and recognised the unique rights that we hold as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to our traditional land and waters. "The rights he won in the High Court have been eroded away by government, courts and socio-economic pressure.". This independence could be realized through greater roles for Indigenous landholders through business, land management and other opportunities. That is the view most widely endorsed by history. Mabo Day is an official holiday in the Torres Shire, celebrated on 3 June. HOST: Today is Mabo Day. 1h 43m. In 1974, he became involved in a discussion with two academics. In fact, the court went to considerable lengths to establish that the impact of its judgment will be minimal on non-Aboriginal Australians. The nation remained diminished. It would most likely still be in place had it not been for Eddie Koiki Mabo. The golden house of is of culture and connection, of blood and dreaming, of time immemorial how the golden house of is collapses. For significant service to the community as a cultural leader and public sector executive in the field of Indigenous affairs.. 5. The courts had previously found that the Nguraritja had non-exclusive native title over certain parcels of land, but not over those where native title had already been extinguished. The justices spoke of a legacy of "unutterable shame"and that the dispossession of Indigenous people was the darkest aspect of Australia's history. Thank you Russell for your kind words of introduction. Gail, to your Mum Bonita, to Eddie Junior, Wannee, Bethal, Celuia, Ezra, Mario, Malita, Malcolm, Jessie and to you Gail, can I pay special tribute to for the generosity of you all in giving your husband and Dad to us. My people are the Gangulu from the Dawson Valley in Central Queensland. Six weeks later his father died. I also acknowledge Meriam PBC Chair Mr Doug Passi. He was right. However, whilst the right to development is about improvements in economic and material outcomes, it is also about our rights as Indigenous peoples to self-determination and our rights to control our natural wealth and resources. Eddie Mabo was heartbroken and never forgave government authorities. It goes on to mention the yet unfulfilled nature of redress through a social justice package that I alluded to earlier: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have been progressively dispossessed of their lands. Can Nigeria's election result be overturned? British law under a British flag. I stand here proud to bring a message from my Elders. I also acknowledge the Minister for Indigenous Affairs, Nigel Scullion who is here today and my colleague Tim Wilson, our Australian Human Rights Commissioner. It was on 3 June 1992 that the Australian High Court overturned more than 200 years of white domination of land ownership. We cannot cross the same stream twice. Our people know han. 23 Nov 1990 - 21 Oct 1994 Library at the University College of Townsville, Queensland. Eddie Mabo was a great hero to the Australian people. This often presents internal issues for traditional owner groups about how decisions are made and how benefits will be shared and responsibilities exercised. It was also a flagrant disregard of Britain's own existing laws, which stated that the Aboriginal people did have title rights over their own land. Concocted by the early settlers, it was used, systematically, cynically and effectively to deprive the indigenous people of their own land. The new Prime Minister, Anthony Albanese, says there will be a referendum to enshrine a voice an Indigenous representative body in the Australian constitution. To strengthen our democracy as Eddie Mabo strengthened our law. The judge's four hundred page report presented Mabo and his barristers with a bombshell which threatened to sink their case. 2006 Presentation by Professor Larissa Behrendt. In going down this track we have to understand and have to get these institutions to understand that there is a fair dinkum business case for doing this because we have had enough of welfare and charity. The Mabo Case Eddie Mabo is widely known for his plight to regain land rights for both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. But the . These legal challenges continued into the 20th century rulings maintained the legitimacy of the Crown but could not extinguish completely the Aboriginal claims. A Yolngu word meaning to come together after a struggle. [1] It was brought by Eddie Mabo against the State of Queensland and decided on 3 June 1992. We know sadness. Barrister Ron Castan, Eddie Mabo and barrister Bryan Keon-Cohen at . Love, kindness, forgiveness; always love. The man who had engineered the historic change of law, never lived to witness it himself. And he was right. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be aware that the National Archives' website and collection contain the names, images and voices of people who have died. I walked into the news meeting at the ABC with words. Overwhelmingly, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have indicated that it is time for a new process of engagement to occur with the government on the topic of our rights after native title. "It gave us back our pride. 2. Financing economic development within the Indigenous estate. This could also be translated as greater Indigenous control over our lands and resources more generally, and a decrease in the burden placed on Indigenous landholders as I have mentioned earlier today by government and other industries. Three bound volumes regarding the determination of a reference from the High Court of Australia of the factual issues raised in the action by Eddie Mabo and others - prepared by Justice Moynihan. He knew about suffering. [12] Native Title Act 1993 (Cth), preamble. These skills will enable us to make better and informed decisions for maximum benefit and I look forward, as I am sure you do, to the release of IBAs investment principles, which they are currently developing in partnership with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and organisations across the country. Born on 29 June 1936 in his village of Las on the island of Mer in the Torres Strait, Eddie Koiki Mabo was the fourth child of Robert Zesou Sambo and Poipe (Sambo) Mabo. It is sadness beyond the word sadness itself. The world of becoming ascends. "Koiki was ambitious for himself and for his people.". But alongside . This achievement certainly encourages me. The Mabo verdict was arguably the most significant court ruling in the history of Indigenous Australia, overturning the concept of terra nullius and paving the way for native title. On 3 June 1992 the High Court of Australia ruled that a group of Torres Strait Islander people, led by Eddie Mabo, owned the island of Mer (Murray Island). I have been honoured in the last six weeks by being asked to deliver both the Eddie Koiki Mabo Lecture here today and the Rob Riley Memorial Lecture on Friday the 8 th of May in Perth. In 1981, Eddie Mabo delivered a speech at James Cook University in Queensland, where he challenged the widely accepted belief of ownership and inheritance of land on Murray Island. They both endured early hard lives that steeled them for the struggles that would eventually come their way. At http://www.humanrights.gov.au/publications/native-title-report-2008 (viewed 5 June 2015). Our News We did not end. He knew about suffering. At http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/264/hdr_2003_en_complete.pdf (viewed 9 June 2015). Finally, the remaining key theme of the meeting was the issue of our right as Indigenous peoples to development. Bonita 'Netta' Mabo: Eddie's wife and is a resourceful, supportive and loving woman. When voices within democracies silenced and marginalised are demanding to be heard, we are bringing oursand challenging our democracy to examine itself and for our constitution to be seeded in the first footprints, not just the first settlers. 2019. As much as Australias law tried to tell him he was wrong, he knew his law and he knew that even the law of Britain that had stolen this land had to admit finally admit what we all knew, what Eddie Mabo knew. The judges satisfied themselves that Aboriginal people had been in Australia first, did have a long, rich culture that denoted civilisation and had voluminous evidence of land demarcation, usage and inheritance, to back up their claims of longevity and history. Stan Grant is the ABC's international affairs analyst and presents China Tonight on Monday at 9:35pm on ABC TV, and Tuesday at 8pm on the ABC News Channel, anda co-presenter of Q+A on Thursday at 8:30pm. 10. From 1973-1983 he established and became director of the Black Community School in Townsville. Strengthening our relationships over lands, territories and resources: the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Climate change from the perspective of the Torres Strait, Beyond Mabo: Native Title and closing the gap, People, identity and place. (2012) This program was published 2 years ago. The Roundtable included a diverse range of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with nearly 50 people in total from as far and wide as the Torres Straits, the Gulf of Carpentaria, Cape York, Sydney, the Kimberley and Darwin. We need to work alongside government to equip ourselves with the knowledge and skills to turn the economic and commercial aspirations into reality. As this brave mans voice even as he had passed was heard by another man who is now gone and together they changed us. Keating begins by discussing the moral and legal implications of the decision. Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders in Marine Science, Agriculture Technology and Adoption Centre, Association of Australian University Secretaries, Australian Quantum & Classical Transport Physics Group, Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Division of Tropical Environments and Societies, Foundation for Australian Literary Studies, IERC Administration and Centre Operations, Torres Strait Islander Research to Policy & Practice Hub, Meriba buay ngalpan wakaythoemamay (We come together to share our thinking), Knowledge Integration for Torres Strait Sustainability: Sey boey wara goeygil nabi yangukudupa, Office of the Vice Chancellor and President, Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, Contextual Science for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Australian Institute of Tropical Health & Medicine, Recognition, national identity and our future. [7] OHCHR Website, Essays in Commemoration of 25 years of the United Nations Declaration on the Right to Development. (2014 lecture transcript), 2013 Presentation by Dr Bryan Keon-Cohen QC. Unfortunately, the right to development is not a concept often thought about in relation to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as members of a developed country. Unlike them, however, Mabo wasn't going to accept it. That was Eddie Mabos gift. We cross rivers and we are changed like the water itself. Mabo, Edward Koiki (Eddie) (1936-1992) . Mabo said was that it is my fathers & grandfather's, grandmother's land, I am related to it, it is my identity. Land claim, 1981-1992 In 1981, at a conference on indigenous land rights in Townsville, a decision was made to pursue a native land title claim for the people of the Murray Islands in the High Court of Australia. As the Broome Roundtable highlighted, this remains one of the key unresolved issues facing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and their quest for ongoing economic development. It is a feeling. This was apartheid in Australia, not South Africa. 2008 Presentation by The Hon. Nor did the judges intend that it should. Mabo vs Queensland possible Commonwealth interventions, 1991 (A14039, 7909), The Mabo Decision principles for a response, 1993 (A14217, 1042), Mabo responses to the outline of legislation, 1993 (A14217, 1322), Mabo collection at the National Library of Australia, Building trust in the public record policy, Getting started with information management. In 1959, he moved to mainland Queensland, working on pearling vessels and as a labourer. When I looked over the lives of these two great Australians I was struck by the similarities of their struggles and the qualities they each share. There were three key components to this: As you will know, the first two of these three components have been implemented, with varying degrees of success and impact on our communities over the years. OM95-26 Mabo Cutting Books 1990-1994 - (2 vols.) The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. De Rose Hill is a landmark case because it represents a significant moment in time in the native title space. Together yindyamarra winanghanha means to live with respect in a world worth living in. [1] J Altman., (2014) Scullion Peddles pipedream reforms, Journal of Indigenous Policy, At: http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/JlIndigP/2014/33.pdf (viewed 5 June 2015). Vincent Lingiari and men and women of the Gurindji people. Volume 3 (146pp). The Keating government gave effect to the Mabo decision by introducing the Native Title Act 1993, which facilitated the process of recognising native title. For Indigenous peoples around the world, the Declaration has been a means by which they can free themselves from the shackles of colonialism and share equitably in the benefits of development.[8]. Our landsings gently a song of sadness. We leave base camp and start our trek across this vast country. Typical of such awards, the citations are generally understated and this is particularly so in your case. And in 1981, Eddie was invited by the same university to make a speech about Mer's land inheritance system. Mabo was a Torres Strait islander from Mer (Murray Island), off Australia's north-east coast. During this time he became involved in community and political organisations, such as the union movement and the 1967 Referendum campaign. And he knew truth. Eddie's daughter, Gail Mabo remembers that day well. According to his daughter Gail Mabo, it 'fuelled his determination for recognition and equality in society'. [1] And that shift is the move to the next emerging challenge; how do we maximise these rights to their full potential, now that we have our native title recognized? : he world to possession and I emfphasise Opossessions It is lament. At the 1981 James Cook University Land Rights Conference Eddie Mabo made a passionate speech about land ownership and ancestral inheritance in the Murray Islands. The legal decision was made by the High Court on 3 June 1992. Court cases in the mid-19th century challenged the idea of British settlement at the time the rulings were in favour of the Crown. Mabo expressed. So today it is indeed an honour for both my people and myself to be presenting this year's Edward Koiki Mabo Lecture. Mabo made a speech to the audience where he explained the indigenous customary land inheritance system on Murray Island. active, free and meaningful participation in development; self-determination and full sovereignty over natural wealth and resources. Mabo and others: products or agents of progress? He spoke of impermanence: He knew things did not last and yet we do. I have been honoured in the last six weeks by being asked to deliver both the Eddie Koiki Mabo Lecture here today and the Rob Riley Memorial Lecture on Friday the 8th of May in Perth. (2013 lecture transcript), 2012 Presentation by Professor Henry Reynolds. Rob was at the forefront of the fight for land in Western Australia, particularly at Nookanbah and when the WA Government led the resistance to national land rights legislation. I hope that youll share with me the need to move this conversation forward, in order to best realise our rights under native title and the benefits that should follow from that. Reynolds struck up a friendship with Eddie Mabo, who was then a groundsman and gardener at James Cook University. These adjustments are key if we are to translate our inherent legal rights under native title into sustainable opportunities for our people. Sign up for free to create engaging, inspiring, and converting videos with Powtoon. Eternal. The conference, 'Land Rights and the Future of Australian Race Relations', was sponsored by the Townsville Treaty Committee and the James Cook University's Student Union. No transcript available, 2016 Lecture Presentation by Professor N M Nakata, Pro-Vice Chancellor for Indigenous Education and Strategy, James Cook University (Transcript), 2016 Lecture Presentation by Professor N M Nakata, Pro-Vice Chancellor for Indigenous Education and Strategy, James Cook University (2016 Lecture Transcript), 2015 Presentation by The Hon. But 20 years after the judgement, there's still a debate among constitutionalists, lawyers and politicians about the legacy of Mabo. Mabo expressed disbelief and shock. However, most importantly of all, we are now faced with the challenge of how to make the most of our rights to land and native title once we have them, for our prosperity and sustainability. At: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Development/Pages/RealizingaVisionforTransformativeDevelopment.aspx (viewed 9 June 2015), [8] N Collings, Native title, economic development and the environment, Australian Law Reform Commission Journal 15, 2009. Eddie Koiki Mabo (c. 29 June 1936 - 21 January 1992 [1]) was an Australian man from the Torres Strait Islands known for his role in campaigning for Indigenous land rights and for his role in a landmark decision of the High Court of Australia which overturned the legal doctrine of terra nullius ("land belonging to nobody") which characterised You may have heard that Tim Wilson, Human Rights Commissioner and I recently co-convened a roundtable on Yawuru country on the issue of Indigenous property rights. and in 2008 James Cook University named its Townsville campus library the Eddie Koiki Mabo Library. As a nation, this is an improvement from fourth position just over ten years ago in 2003.[10]. He immediately saw the injustice of it and from then on dedicated his life to reversing it. The remarkable life story of Eddie 'Koiki' Mabo; a Torres Strait Islander who left school at the age of 15, yet spearheaded the High Court challenge that overthrew the fiction of terra nullius. I want to give two words from my people, Wiradjuri. I'd also like to thank AIATSIS for the invitation to speak today and in doing that can I congratulate you Russell on receiving your recent Member of the Order of Australia award. Eddie Koiki Mabo was a Torres Strait Islander, known for his role in campaigning for Indigenous land rights and for the landmark decision of the High Court of Australia that overturned the legal doctrine of terra nullius ('land belonging to nothing, no one') which characterised Australian law with regards to land and title. During this time he enrolled as a student and studied teaching at the College of Advanced Education, which later amalgamated with JCU. In acknowledging the traditional rights of the Meriam people to their land, the court also held that native title existed for all Indigenous people. Words makaratta. But that's just 11% of Australia's land mass. It contains just 10 articles on what the instrument describes as an, inalienable right, by which every human person and all peoples are entitled to participate in, contribute to and enjoy economic, social, cultural and political development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be fully realised.[6]. A lawyer heard the speech and asked . Ten years before, Eddie Koiki Mabo and his comrades started the legal battle for the recognition of the Meriam people and the ownership of Mer Island. Elders saythe wateris now a battleground. Few Australians then knew the name Eddie Mabo. Watch. And in some cases native title had become a millstone, almost drowning people in a sea of regulation, red tape and process without any semblance of necessary support. What is this Eddie Mabo Biography Worksheet? "He became a driven man," says his friend and documentary maker, Trevor Graham.
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